Czechia and the EU: inflation, wages, debt and house prices across 27 countries

Inflation, unemployment, GDP, government debt, house prices, the minimum wage and electricity prices in Czechia and every EU country, with its rank and history. Eurostat data.

Inflation

Czechia 2.2 %, the EU 3.8 % (9/2026). 24. of 27, from the highest.

The harmonised index HICP, year on year. Worked out the same way in each country, so it can differ from the rate ČSÚ reports.

1.	Romania	6.5 %
2.	Lithuania	6.1 %
3.	Bulgaria	5.6 %
4.	Cyprus	5.2 %
5.	Luxembourg	5.2 %
6.	Greece	5.1 %
7.	Spain	5.0 %
8.	Belgium	4.5 %
9.	Croatia	4.3 %
10.	Italy	4.2 %
11.	Poland	4.0 %
12.	Ireland	3.8 %
13.	Slovenia	3.7 %
14.	Austria	3.6 %
15.	Portugal	3.6 %
16.	France	3.4 %
17.	Germany	3.3 %
18.	Estonia	3.1 %
19.	Latvia	3.0 %
20.	Netherlands	3.0 %
21.	Slovakia	3.0 %
22.	Finland	2.7 %
23.	Malta	2.4 %
24.	Czechia	2.2 %
25.	Denmark	2.1 %
26.	Hungary	2.1 %
27.	Sweden	1.0 %

Food inflation

Czechia −3.8 %, the EU 0.6 % (9/2026). 24. of 27, from the highest.

Food and non-alcoholic drinks in the HICP index, year on year.

1.	Cyprus	4.0 %
2.	Spain	2.7 %
3.	Romania	2.6 %
4.	Malta	2.5 %
5.	Portugal	2.4 %
6.	Finland	2.0 %
7.	Italy	1.7 %
8.	Bulgaria	1.6 %
9.	France	1.5 %
10.	Luxembourg	1.5 %
11.	Germany	0.4 %
12.	Ireland	0.3 %
13.	Austria	0.3 %
14.	Greece	−0.2 %
15.	Poland	−0.3 %
16.	Belgium	−0.4 %
17.	Croatia	−0.5 %
18.	Slovenia	−0.5 %
19.	Estonia	−1.2 %
20.	Lithuania	−1.8 %
21.	Netherlands	−1.8 %
22.	Denmark	−2.1 %
23.	Slovakia	−3.2 %
24.	Czechia	−3.8 %
25.	Hungary	−4.6 %
26.	Latvia	−4.8 %
27.	Sweden	−6.3 %

Unemployment

Czechia 2.8 %, the EU 6.2 % (9/2026). 27. of 27, from the highest.

The unemployed as a share of the labour force by the ILO definition, seasonally adjusted.

1.	Finland	11.0 %
2.	Spain	10.3 %
3.	Sweden	8.6 %
4.	France	8.5 %
5.	Estonia	8.0 %
6.	Greece	7.6 %
7.	Latvia	7.3 %
8.	Luxembourg	7.3 %
9.	Denmark	6.8 %
10.	Italy	6.3 %
11.	Austria	6.3 %
12.	Romania	6.3 %
13.	Lithuania	6.2 %
14.	Belgium	6.0 %
15.	Slovakia	5.7 %
16.	Portugal	5.6 %
17.	Ireland	4.7 %
18.	Hungary	4.6 %
19.	Croatia	4.3 %
20.	Germany	4.1 %
21.	Cyprus	4.0 %
22.	Netherlands	4.0 %
23.	Slovenia	3.6 %
24.	Bulgaria	3.4 %
25.	Malta	3.4 %
26.	Poland	3.4 %
27.	Czechia	2.8 %

Unemployment under 25

Czechia 8.9 %, the EU 15.5 % (9/2026). 24. of 26, from the highest.

The same for people under 25, seasonally adjusted.

1.	Finland	25.2 %
2.	Estonia	23.9 %
3.	Spain	22.8 %
4.	Luxembourg	22.0 %
5.	France	21.9 %
6.	Sweden	21.7 %
7.	Italy	19.9 %
8.	Portugal	19.1 %
9.	Belgium	18.0 %
10.	Slovakia	17.7 %
11.	Greece	17.3 %
12.	Latvia	16.5 %
13.	Denmark	16.2 %
14.	Croatia	16.1 %
15.	Hungary	14.6 %
16.	Slovenia	14.6 %
17.	Lithuania	14.0 %
18.	Bulgaria	13.0 %
19.	Austria	12.8 %
20.	Ireland	11.4 %
21.	Cyprus	11.3 %
22.	Poland	11.3 %
23.	Malta	9.6 %
24.	Czechia	8.9 %
25.	Netherlands	8.8 %
26.	Germany	7.5 %

GDP growth

Czechia 1.6 %, the EU 1.5 % (7/2026). 9. of 15, from the highest.

Real GDP against the same quarter a year before, adjusted for season and working days.

1.	Ireland	3.6 %
2.	Sweden	2.8 %
3.	Spain	2.7 %
4.	Portugal	2.4 %
5.	Lithuania	2.3 %
6.	Estonia	2.2 %
7.	Netherlands	2.1 %
8.	Finland	2.1 %
9.	Czechia	1.6 %
10.	Hungary	1.5 %
11.	Germany	1.2 %
12.	Italy	0.8 %
13.	Belgium	0.7 %
14.	Austria	0.6 %
15.	France	−0.1 %

GDP per person at purchasing power (EU = 100)

Czechia 92, the EU 100 (1/2025). 14. of 27, from the highest.

GDP per person after allowing for each country's price level. The EU average is 100.

1.	Luxembourg	239
2.	Ireland	238
3.	Netherlands	133
4.	Denmark	127
5.	Austria	118
6.	Germany	115
7.	Belgium	114
8.	Sweden	111
9.	Malta	110
10.	Finland	101
11.	France	98
12.	Cyprus	98
13.	Italy	96
14.	Czechia	92
15.	Spain	92
16.	Slovenia	90
17.	Lithuania	87
18.	Poland	81
19.	Portugal	81
20.	Estonia	79
21.	Croatia	78
22.	Romania	78
23.	Hungary	76
24.	Slovakia	75
25.	Latvia	71
26.	Bulgaria	68
27.	Greece	68

Government debt

Czechia 43.8 % of GDP, the EU 82.9 % of GDP (4/2026). 19. of 27, from the highest.

General government gross debt in % of GDP (the Maastricht definition). It covers regions, municipalities and funds too, so it differs from the state debt the ministry reports.

1.	Greece	140.8 % of GDP
2.	Italy	139.9 % of GDP
3.	France	119.1 % of GDP
4.	Belgium	110.2 % of GDP
5.	Spain	101.4 % of GDP
6.	Portugal	92.5 % of GDP
7.	Finland	90.2 % of GDP
8.	Austria	83.6 % of GDP
9.	Hungary	75.6 % of GDP
10.	Slovenia	64.7 % of GDP
11.	Poland	64.5 % of GDP
12.	Germany	63.4 % of GDP
13.	Slovakia	60.6 % of GDP
14.	Romania	59.4 % of GDP
15.	Croatia	56.2 % of GDP
16.	Cyprus	48.5 % of GDP
17.	Latvia	48.0 % of GDP
18.	Malta	47.0 % of GDP
19.	Czechia	43.8 % of GDP
20.	Lithuania	43.8 % of GDP
21.	Netherlands	43.7 % of GDP
22.	Ireland	35.3 % of GDP
23.	Sweden	35.3 % of GDP
24.	Bulgaria	28.7 % of GDP
25.	Luxembourg	28.2 % of GDP
26.	Denmark	27.1 % of GDP
27.	Estonia	26.1 % of GDP

Government balance

Czechia −2.2 % of GDP, the EU −3.1 % of GDP (1/2025). 11. of 26, from the highest.

The difference between revenue and spending of all government bodies in % of GDP. A negative figure is a deficit.

1.	Cyprus	3.6 % of GDP
2.	Greece	2.0 % of GDP
3.	Ireland	1.8 % of GDP
4.	Portugal	0.7 % of GDP
5.	Netherlands	−1.6 % of GDP
6.	Sweden	−1.6 % of GDP
7.	Lithuania	−1.8 % of GDP
8.	Luxembourg	−1.8 % of GDP
9.	Estonia	−2.0 % of GDP
10.	Malta	−2.1 % of GDP
11.	Czechia	−2.2 % of GDP
12.	Spain	−2.4 % of GDP
13.	Latvia	−2.5 % of GDP
14.	Slovenia	−2.5 % of GDP
15.	Germany	−2.9 % of GDP
16.	Croatia	−3.0 % of GDP
17.	Italy	−3.1 % of GDP
18.	Finland	−3.8 % of GDP
19.	Bulgaria	−4.0 % of GDP
20.	Austria	−4.1 % of GDP
21.	Slovakia	−4.4 % of GDP
22.	Hungary	−4.7 % of GDP
23.	France	−5.1 % of GDP
24.	Belgium	−5.2 % of GDP
25.	Poland	−7.2 % of GDP
26.	Romania	−7.8 % of GDP

Long-term government bond yield

Czechia 5.24 %, the EU 4.20 % (9/2026). 4. of 27, from the highest.

The yield on roughly ten-year bonds by the Maastricht criterion, a monthly average.

1.	Romania	6.71 %
2.	Poland	6.23 %
3.	Hungary	5.68 %
4.	Czechia	5.24 %
5.	France	4.44 %
6.	Italy	4.36 %
7.	Greece	4.22 %
8.	Malta	4.19 %
9.	Slovakia	4.16 %
10.	Latvia	4.15 %
11.	Belgium	4.12 %
12.	Bulgaria	4.09 %
13.	Estonia	4.09 %
14.	Spain	3.93 %
15.	Cyprus	3.92 %
16.	Slovenia	3.86 %
17.	Portugal	3.85 %
18.	Finland	3.80 %
19.	Luxembourg	3.70 %
20.	Austria	3.69 %
21.	Ireland	3.59 %
22.	Croatia	3.59 %
23.	Netherlands	3.56 %
24.	Germany	3.47 %
25.	Denmark	3.29 %
26.	Sweden	3.19 %
27.	Lithuania	2.88 %

House prices

Czechia 8.6 %, the EU 4.7 % (4/2026). 12. of 26, from the highest.

The house price index, year on year.

1.	Portugal	16.5 %
2.	Bulgaria	15.5 %
3.	Lithuania	14.3 %
4.	Slovakia	13.6 %
5.	Croatia	12.7 %
6.	Spain	12.1 %
7.	Romania	12.1 %
8.	Latvia	11.4 %
9.	Hungary	10.2 %
10.	Denmark	9.4 %
11.	Slovenia	9.1 %
12.	Czechia	8.6 %
13.	Cyprus	7.9 %
14.	Malta	6.9 %
15.	Poland	6.3 %
16.	Ireland	6.0 %
17.	Estonia	5.8 %
18.	Austria	5.1 %
19.	Sweden	4.8 %
20.	Netherlands	4.3 %
21.	Italy	4.0 %
22.	Belgium	2.1 %
23.	Germany	0.6 %
24.	France	−0.8 %
25.	Luxembourg	−2.2 %
26.	Finland	−2.7 %

Minimum wage

Czechia 923 € a month (7/2026). 17. of 22, from the highest.

The gross monthly minimum wage in euros. Only the countries with a statutory one.

1.	Luxembourg	2,771 € a month
2.	Ireland	2,391 € a month
3.	Germany	2,343 € a month
4.	Netherlands	2,338 € a month
5.	Belgium	2,234 € a month
6.	France	1,867 € a month
7.	Slovenia	1,482 € a month
8.	Spain	1,425 € a month
9.	Lithuania	1,153 € a month
10.	Poland	1,119 € a month
11.	Cyprus	1,088 € a month
12.	Greece	1,073 € a month
13.	Portugal	1,073 € a month
14.	Croatia	1,050 € a month
15.	Malta	994 € a month
16.	Estonia	946 € a month
17.	Czechia	923 € a month
18.	Slovakia	915 € a month
19.	Hungary	906 € a month
20.	Romania	825 € a month
21.	Latvia	780 € a month
22.	Bulgaria	620 € a month

Labour costs

Czechia 19.8 € an hour, the EU 34.9 € an hour (1/2025). 15. of 26, from the highest.

What an hour of work costs an employer including contributions, in euros.

1.	Luxembourg	56.8 € an hour
2.	Denmark	51.7 € an hour
3.	Netherlands	47.9 € an hour
4.	Austria	46.3 € an hour
5.	Germany	45.0 € an hour
6.	France	44.3 € an hour
7.	Ireland	44.2 € an hour
8.	Sweden	43.1 € an hour
9.	Finland	39.4 € an hour
10.	Italy	32.0 € an hour
11.	Slovenia	29.7 € an hour
12.	Spain	26.4 € an hour
13.	Cyprus	21.7 € an hour
14.	Estonia	21.1 € an hour
15.	Czechia	19.8 € an hour
16.	Slovakia	19.8 € an hour
17.	Portugal	19.4 € an hour
18.	Poland	19.1 € an hour
19.	Malta	19.0 € an hour
20.	Croatia	18.4 € an hour
21.	Greece	18.2 € an hour
22.	Lithuania	17.8 € an hour
23.	Latvia	16.3 € an hour
24.	Hungary	15.2 € an hour
25.	Romania	13.6 € an hour
26.	Bulgaria	12.0 € an hour

Household electricity price

Czechia 0.2884 € per kWh, the EU 0.2832 € per kWh (1/2026). 8. of 27, from the highest.

The price with all taxes for a household using 2,500 to 5,000 kWh a year, in euros.

1.	Ireland	0.3871 € per kWh
2.	Germany	0.3618 € per kWh
3.	Belgium	0.3575 € per kWh
4.	Austria	0.3260 € per kWh
5.	Italy	0.3142 € per kWh
6.	Sweden	0.3062 € per kWh
7.	Poland	0.2999 € per kWh
8.	Czechia	0.2884 € per kWh
9.	Romania	0.2836 € per kWh
10.	Finland	0.2694 € per kWh
11.	Cyprus	0.2688 € per kWh
12.	Spain	0.2509 € per kWh
13.	France	0.2485 € per kWh
14.	Netherlands	0.2440 € per kWh
15.	Latvia	0.2415 € per kWh
16.	Greece	0.2401 € per kWh
17.	Denmark	0.2375 € per kWh
18.	Portugal	0.2367 € per kWh
19.	Lithuania	0.2162 € per kWh
20.	Estonia	0.2118 € per kWh
21.	Slovenia	0.2118 € per kWh
22.	Luxembourg	0.2023 € per kWh
23.	Slovakia	0.1985 € per kWh
24.	Croatia	0.1816 € per kWh
25.	Bulgaria	0.1341 € per kWh
26.	Malta	0.1268 € per kWh
27.	Hungary	0.1139 € per kWh